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Mexico: Geography, Country & Climate
Geography This central American country is located at between 15° and 32° North latitude and at 87° and 117° West longitude and borders on the USA, Belize and Guatemala. With about 2.000.000 km² it is almost five times and a half as large as Germany. The Mesa Central plateau, which is covered by numerous mountain chains occupies 2/3 of Mexico. The rest of the country consists of the costal region, the desert in the northwest and the peninsula with Yucatán, Campeché and Quintana Roo regions located in the southeastern part of the country.
Flora & Fauna Mexico is one of the countries with the most diverse flora und fauna. Here you will find many various ecosystems such as mountain forests, jungles, meadows, volcanoes, deserts, artificial lakes, sea and biosphere nature reserves like costal regions. All together there are about 25.000 various flowers in Mexico, but certain areas are dominated by a single vegetation type. The south of the country is characterized by the tropical rainforest and the jungle, the north is famous for its conifer forests and savannas, while Yucatán is characterized by the cactus steppes, Baja California and the briar steppes. Mexico is well known for its cactuses, here you will find about 4.000 out of 6.000 world known kinds. Along the plant diversity, Mexico also has a very rich fauna. In Cortés-Meer, for example, one can find 82% of world's sea mammals and 35% of cetaceans. In the Gulf of Mexico along over 400 various kinds of plants one can also find numerous kinds of fish, reptiles, mammals as well as over 100 kinds of birds. The world's largest diversity of reptiles is represented in Mexico. Climate & Temperatures Certain areas of the country are dominated by very diverse climatic conditions depending on the altitude as well as on the closeness to the sea. While it is mostly hot and dry in the north, the south is characterized by the tropical warm and humid climate. The costal regions are mostly distinguished through high humidity and high temperature, while at the level of 1.600m and higher it is springlike warm during the day and rather cool at night. The rainy season is usually between May and October. |
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